Research Proposal on Corporate Governance Essay Example

Research Proposal on Corporate Governance Essay Corporate governance is the complicated system of corporation management and is based on the relation of shareholders and managers of a corporation, including the board of directors and other interested people who help shareholders protect their rights. Moreover, corporate governance is the system of methods and mechanisms which help shareholders control the activity of the corporation and solve various problems which can occur there. Corporate governance is not limited by the bounds of joint ­-stock communities and functions in the corporations which possess different structure. It is obvious that the core condition of corporate governance is the hierarchic management structure, where all the managers of the lower rank are controlled by the managers of the higher level. Evidently, corporate governance is not connected with the operational management and the tactics of the management of a company but it has definitely become a part of the strategic governance. Corporate governance is aimed at the control over the activity and decision making of the company. Because of its complicated structure corporate governance is a controversial phenomenon, because it tries to satisfy the interests of both sides: the directors of the company and its shareholders, who think only about profit. There are two different models of corporate governance which point out the most influential bodies in the activity of a company. The Anglo- ­American model gives the majority of rights to the shareholders who control the activity of the corporation through the capital market. The Continental model of governance gives more rights in decision making and control to the board of directors of the company. Every future expert in business and management should be aware about the structure and key points of corporate governance. When a student has become interested in the problem of corporate governance, he can try to complete a successful research proposal on the topic and win the opportunity to write a research paper on it later. In order to complete a good corporate governance research proposal one should focus on the logical structure and up ­-to ­-date content of the paper. A student is expected to persuade the professor that the topic is relevant and worth attention. One should find the most thought ­-provoking questions in order to prove that the topic is worthy and the research can contribute into the development of the discipline. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Corporate Governance specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Corporate Governance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Corporate Governance specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The process of research proposal writing can not be called an easy one, because a student should possess deep knowledge on the topic and the standards of paper writing. With the help of the Internet and a free sample research proposal on corporate governance in India a student can learn about the process of writing on the basis of the definite example. Every free example research proposal on corporate governance practices written by an expert can be at hand for everyone who has troubles with research proposal writing. NOTE!!! All free sample research proposals and examples on Corporate Governance are 100% plagiarized, we are here to help you! EssayLib.com is a leading research proposal writing service, which can offer you the solution you have been looking for. With thousands of written research papers and proposals for Master’s and PhD degrees, we can give you exactly what you need at very affordable prices. Our experienced writers will prove you that high quality and exclusivity is a trademark of our products. We can guarantee your confidentiality and promise you strict on time delivery. There are many reasons for EssayLib.com to become your favorite research proposal writing service, but all we are asking you – just give us a try!

Free Essays on The Hidding Place

Corrie Ten Boom was born on April 15, 1892. She lived a very peaceful life, with her loving family. Her father, Casper Ten Boom was a wonderful, God-fearing man. He was willing to do anything to help people. The Ten Boom family lived at a place called â€Å"The Beje† where Casper owned a clock shop. Corrie was always taught to love people with Christ’s love, and accept them no matter what. Corrie started Holland’s first club for girls called â€Å"The Triangle Club†. She taught about Christ, and showed the girls His love, and how to spread it. The club started out small, but grew to be very large. The word hate was not in the Ten Boom’s vocabulary. When people began to shun the Jews, the Ten Booms befriended them. When the war began, Casper took anyone into his home that needed it. When the Jews were forced to wear a yellow Star of David patch on their arms, Casper was in line to get one for himself. He said â€Å"It would be an honor to wear the same symbol that God’s chosen people are wearing†. The Ten Booms became a part of the â€Å"Underground†. In the middle of the night, there would be a knock on the Ten Boom’s door, and they would open it to find yet another person in need of their help. When things started to become more dangerous, the Ten Booms realized that they had to find a way to keep these people safe. They took every precaution, from installing a secret room in their house, to an alarm system. They had to steal ration cards in order for everyone at The Beje to have food. No one was safe, no longer could the Ten Booms trust their neighbors, for fear that they had joined the NSB (National Socialist Bond). These people helped the Nazis by turning in anyone in the â€Å"Underground†. They never knew if they would be turned in by people that used to be their friends. Corrie prayed every night that God would keep the secret room, now called â€Å"The Angels Den†, and everyone in it safe. On... Free Essays on The Hidding Place Free Essays on The Hidding Place Corrie Ten Boom was born on April 15, 1892. She lived a very peaceful life, with her loving family. Her father, Casper Ten Boom was a wonderful, God-fearing man. He was willing to do anything to help people. The Ten Boom family lived at a place called â€Å"The Beje† where Casper owned a clock shop. Corrie was always taught to love people with Christ’s love, and accept them no matter what. Corrie started Holland’s first club for girls called â€Å"The Triangle Club†. She taught about Christ, and showed the girls His love, and how to spread it. The club started out small, but grew to be very large. The word hate was not in the Ten Boom’s vocabulary. When people began to shun the Jews, the Ten Booms befriended them. When the war began, Casper took anyone into his home that needed it. When the Jews were forced to wear a yellow Star of David patch on their arms, Casper was in line to get one for himself. He said â€Å"It would be an honor to wear the same symbol that God’s chosen people are wearing†. The Ten Booms became a part of the â€Å"Underground†. In the middle of the night, there would be a knock on the Ten Boom’s door, and they would open it to find yet another person in need of their help. When things started to become more dangerous, the Ten Booms realized that they had to find a way to keep these people safe. They took every precaution, from installing a secret room in their house, to an alarm system. They had to steal ration cards in order for everyone at The Beje to have food. No one was safe, no longer could the Ten Booms trust their neighbors, for fear that they had joined the NSB (National Socialist Bond). These people helped the Nazis by turning in anyone in the â€Å"Underground†. They never knew if they would be turned in by people that used to be their friends. Corrie prayed every night that God would keep the secret room, now called â€Å"The Angels Den†, and everyone in it safe. On...

15 Adorable Dog Quotes

15 Adorable Dog Quotes Ever wonder why dogs and puppies are considered cute animals, while a snake or a bat dont necessarily evoke the same emotion within us? Why do some people prefer to keep cats than mice? While dogs have been known to be mans best friend since the beginning of civilization, their cuteness is natures way of endearing them to humans. Evolution has wired humans in such a way that humans find their own offspring cute. The big head, big round eyes, and tiny limbs, and toothless grin of a little baby look so cute to us that parents would happily nurse their babies till they grow up. In 1943,  ethologist Konrad Lorenz in his  research proposed his theory about  baby schema, the science behind cuteness in animals. The baby schema is a set of infantile features that are perceived as cute and motivates caretaking behavior in humans. By the same logic, animals that have  physical features that fit human parameters of cuteness- large head, big eyes, chubby cheeks, tiny body, and the like- trigger the protective instinct. In medical terms, it is the baby schema that activates the  mesocorticolimbic  pathway of our neurological system, which activates the caretaking instincts in humans. So if you find dogs cute, that is only  because nature has designed us to want to extend our caring love towards dogs and puppies. If you love dogs, here are 15 cute dog quotes. Share them with your dog and watch him wag his tail in agreement. Mark Twain If you pick up a starving dog and make him prosperous, he will not bite you; that is the principal difference between a dog and a man. Josh Billings A dog is the only thing on earth that will love you more than you love yourself. Ann Landers Dont accept your dogs admiration as conclusive evidence that you are wonderful. Jonathan Safran Foer Why does watching a dog be a dog fill one with happiness? Kristan Higgins When an eighty-five-pound mammal licks your tears away, then tries to sit on your lap, it’s hard to feel sad. Charles M. Schulz Happiness is a warm puppy. Phil Pastoret If you think dogs can’t count, try putting three dog biscuits in your pocket and then giving Fido only two of them. Gilda Radner I think dogs are the most amazing creatures; they give unconditional love. For me, they are the role model for being alive. Edith Wharton My little dog- a heartbeat at my feet. Abraham Lincoln I care not for a mans religion whose dog and cat are not the better for it. Henry David Thoreau When a dog runs at you, whistle for him. Roger Caras Dogs are not our whole life, but they make our lives whole. Ben Williams There is no psychiatrist in the world like a puppy licking your face. J. R. Ackerley A dog has one aim in life... to bestow his heart. Karel Capek If dogs could talk, perhaps we would find it as hard to get along with them as we do with people.

The Apollo Group Case Study Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Apollo Group Case Study Analysis - Essay Example The University of Phoenix Company has grown over time as a for-profit university. The university has the adult working population being its main target other than the high school leavers who enroll in the traditional classroom educations. In addition, the University seeks to give affordable and quality online education to the adult population who are reachable through intensive marketing strategies of recruiters. However, their marketing strategies are against the federal laws and therefore, the university has to adopt different marketing and education strategies to maintain profitability. The key issues that face the University of Phoenix include technological advancement and traditional college expansion weakness. The University of Phoenix needs to upgrade its technology for quality and effective e-learning among its students. Technology would mean that the company must incur extra costs that are potentially huge, and thus may affect its profitability. The sophisticated virtual college platform has a negative potential on the profitability of the company, since its total cost will increase while revenue remains constant. Moreover, the need for expansion of the traditional classroom education will also imply that the university will have to incur extra classroom setup costs. Online learning faces the challenge of massive student dropouts and lack of quality in the online education sector. The company has therefore undertaken to provide quality instructor contact with a small number of students per instructor. The company also faces the problem of retaining students and changing its marketing strategies to be consistent with the federal law. Primarily, federal law prohibits the marketing strategy of the University of Phoenix, where high pressure recruitment strategies were against the federal regulations.  

Greenhouse Gas Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Greenhouse Gas - Research Paper Example This gas largely contributes to the occurrence of greenhouse effect in terms of generating large amount of heat in the earth surface. Relevant measures for reducing the impact of greenhouse gas on the environment might include working collectively in accordance with Community Greenhouse Gas Reduction Plans (Oswego City School District Regents Exam Prep Center, 2011). CFC- It stands for chlorofluorocarbon. It generally relates to a gas or an organic compound that is formed with the combination of chlorine with fluorocarbons. CFC is mainly utilized for the purpose of creating refrigerants, propellants and also as solvents. Its mass emissions can create openings/holes in the atmosphere’s ozone layer. Also, it can result in creating mass depletion of ozone. However, appropriate measures can be taken for conserving the environment and the overall atmosphere from the ill-effects of CFC. Hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs) can well act as a substitute for CFC as it contains certain chemicals that are not as harmful as the components like that of CFC (Oswego City School District Regents Exam Prep Center, 2011). Air Pollution (Carbon Monoxide) - The addition of harmful gases, biological materials as well as particulates and various other waste particles eventually makes the air to be polluted causing various sorts of diseases to the humans and animals. In this similar concern, Carbon Monoxide can be duly considered to be one of the most harmful gases which pollute air by a greater level. Pollution of air by a greater level can lead to serious impacts such as degradation of air. However, it can be controlled by installation of proper smoke emission systems in the factories and introducing pollution testing centers among others. (Oswego City School District Regents Exam Prep Center, 2011). Water Conservation-The various resources of water and their forms of purity ultimately determines that whether water is clean or not. It is worth mentioning that the level up to which the resources of water are conserved might also result in making pure supply of clean water which can be typically acknowledged as water conservation. However, by adopting along with executing latest and effective water recycling methods as well as water initiative programs, the significant aspect of water conservation program can be enhanced by a significant level (O swego City School District Regents Exam Prep Center, 2011). Land Pollution-It broadly refers to the degradation of the surfaces of the earth and land. It can be affirmed from a broader outlook that the misutilization of land and its resources impose adverse impact upon the overall environment by a greater degree. However, by following certain affective measures such as afforestation, contour ploughing as well as terracing methods and construction of dams among others can lessen air pollution by a certain degree (Oswego City School District Regents Exam Prep Center, 2011). u06d1 In this part, relevant discussions pertaining to Polylactic Acid (PLA) Decomposition technology and the pros as well as cons associated with this technology will be highlighted upon. It can be apparently viewed that this particular technology has both advantages along with disadvantages. In terms of advantages, it can be affirmed that the corn-based plastics do not require much of oil and also ensure less use of traditional plastics. With the execution of the aforesaid technology, this particular plastic segment might prove in

Growth of a Business Essay Example for Free

Growth of a Business Essay When a business grows in size it will need more staff to carry out:- *Existing jobs e.g. in a chocolate factory it may need more people to operate the production lines it it moves from 4 to 5 lines. *New jobs e.g. if a company expands to overseas it will need to recruit staff who are capable of speaking foreign languages. When existing jobs are being expanded, human resource specialists simply need to copy existing practice on a larger scale. They can do this by interviewing more people and advertising more widely etc. More detailed thought is needed if new jobs are to be created. This is even more important if the jobs being created are different to the jobs that already exist within the company. If Norwich Airport they would need to employ a lot more security guards. This would be due to the increased numbers of passengers going through the airport and the terminals. If Norwich Airport started to fly to new destinations they would need new staff who could speak the language of the country. They could do this training their existing staff to speak the languages or they could recruit externally people already with the capability to speak those languages. CHANGING JOB ROLES WITHIN THE BUSINESS In recent years there has been a decline in standardised jobs. The change of a job role is usually down to changing and advancing technology. This involves employees taking more responsibility in decision making. This is known as empowerment. The development of new jobs requires a lot of research. Looking at the best practice in an industry often does this. Sometimes it is done by looking at the development of new jobs particularly in the USA. FILLING VACANCIES CREATED BY RESIGNATION, RETIREMENT OR DISMISSAL Vacancies come about for a number of reasons. This could include retirement, dismissal, expansion or even death. When some body moves on it is normally necessary to replace them. Before this is done the company will need to decide if it would be best to get a employee similar to the previous one or if it would be best to to get someone with new skills because the job has moved on and more skills are required to carry the job out properly. In some cases this has effected Norwich Airport. In some extreme cases they have had to dismiss employees who have lied about foreign languages they can speak. When Norwich Airport first opened, they only offered flights to a few select countries. But since then they have expanded and a far wider range of flights are now offered. With this they have a lot more people using them rather than using the larger London airports or the near by Luton airport. With the extra money they are still thinking of expanding even more in the near future. In some cases the job that has become available does not always need to be filled. There are amny factors that Norwich Airport takes into account before deciding whether or not a replacement is required. They will always consider: * Is there still a need for that job? * Do the benefits derived from this job justify the total cost of filling it? E.g. advertising, salary, training etc. * Is it essential that the vacancy is filled immediately? * Rather than employing a new member of staff would it be best to reorganise the workload within the company/department to cover the position. * Will the job need to be full or part time? * Will there still be the need for this job in 12 or 18 months time? Is the post likely to be affected by current or future organisational changes or different work methods. Will the job therefore be temporary or permanent? And for this reason will there need to be a fixed term contract. INTERNAL PROMOTION There is always the opportunity for internal promotion. This is a good form of motivation as it gives employees something to aim for within the organisation. This should make the employee try to impress in his current job rather than looking else where outside of the company. But if an employee is to be promoted, then someone else would have to be employed to cover their previous position. It is extremely important that the right candidate is selected. The recruitment process can be extremely costly. To set up an effective recruitment process it takes a great deal of time. Once a job has become vacant it is very important that the company should then analyse the job. This is when they will decide what will be entailed in the available job. How to advertise, sift through the applications, checking which applications best meet the criteria, interviewing candidates and then the most important, selecting the best candidate. When a job becomes available at Norwich airport they decide whether to recruit internally or externally. From our meeting I discovered that 50% of the time they will recruit internally only, and the other 50% they will recruit internally and externally. They often decide to recruit internally only because they can save a lot of money. They save a lot on advertising costs and it normally takes them less time to train the employee if they already have some experience working within the airport. Often they have noticed that when an employee knows that there is the chance of promotion it enhances their rate and quality of work because it acts as a motivator. However they have also found disadvantages when recruiting within the company. They have to replace the person who has been promoted, this means that they have ended up advertising for two jobs instead of just the one. In the past they have had arguments and disputes or another employee has been upset that someone else has been promoted instead of them. However, from our meeting I understood that their better employees in the past were ones who had been promoted as a pose to the ones who had been employed externally. This has always been the case when they have been first employed because they have a better understanding of the business. NEW POST Sometimes rather than a current post becoming available a new post all together may become vacant. But before the new post is confirmed it must be approved in the companies budget. This may not be the case and a supplementary budget will have to be applied for. If this is not the case then the recruitment process will be unable to go ahead. There must be available work space and enough available equipment for the new person. If all of the above are ok, then Norwich Airport decide on a realistic start date. When this is decided upon, the airport would work backwards from this date to plan each stage of recruitment. Below is a realistic time plan for Norwich Airport if they were to advertise externally. A typical time plan would be for about 3 months. 21 January complete staff vacancy request form and hand into human resources department. 22 January write job description and interview report form, allowing time for the approval of the line manager. Pepare advert and job particulars. HUMAN RESOURCES MUST BE NOTIFIED THAT THE RECRUITMENT PROCESS HAS BEEN STARTED! 2 February send the above papers to human resources. 9 February if appropriate the job will be evaluated. Human resources will book space and send advert to media. 16 February the advert will appear. Interview dates and panel members must be decided upon. 18 February applicants respond. 4 March closing date for response from potential applicants. 7 March final candidates are shortlisted. 8 March candidates are contacted to arrange interviews. 15/16 March interviews take place. 17 March the post is offered to the successful candidate. 17 April after one month notice period the candidate would start.

The Complex and Effective Structure of Ethan Frome :: Ethan Frome Essays

The Complex and Effective Structure of Ethan Frome       People have often pondered the reasons for the greatness of Edith Wharton's novel, Ethan Frome. What is it that causes this story to be considered an all-time American classic? One journalist quotes a humanities professor at MIT who states that, "We turn to Wharton because the truths she tells are a bracing tonic in a culture steeped in saccharine sentimentality." The journalist goes on to describe the typical, "popular" story and how they often have endings where "romantic ideals are magically fulfilled..." There is much more to Ethan Frome than simply an unhappy ending to contrast with the many other stories that have sugar-coated and sanguine endings. At first glance, the ending of Ethan Frome may appear to be only depressing. In truth, Wharton offers the reader a complex ending through the careful incorporation of poetic justice and irony.    Although when we are young, we commonly find ourselves gravitating to books with predictable endings that leave the protagonist and us with what we want, as we mature we develop a hunger for different, more thoughtful or realistic solutions. This is not to say, however, that we can be satisfied solely through the reading of any story that concludes with mere tragedy. The reason why the book Ethan Frome is so widely read is because there is a great deal of technique behind the element of mere tragedy. Edith Wharton is able to distinguish her novel through the use of irony. Irony has been the defining element of many great pieces of literature throughout time. The use of irony dates back all the way to ancient Greece when it was used by Sophocles in the play Oedipus Rex. Irony was also a key element in many of Shakespeare's works and appears in many famous short stories. In Ethan Frome, Ethan ends up falling in love with Mattie who at the time seems young and effervescent i n comparison to his sickly, deteriorating wife. In attempting to free himself and Mattie from his commitment to Zeena, Ethan ends up causing Mattie to become paralyzed, taking with it her previous, lively characteristics. All the household responsibilities then fall into the hands of Zeena who is ultimately the most vivacious of the three.

Memoirs of a Geshia and Andrea Del Sarto Essay

The film adaptation of Memoirs of a Geshia faithfully depict the context in which it was taken. Woman are portaryed strong feminists in today’s society. Sayuri’s blue eyes symbolise the Japanese culture, as the element of water is often associated with adoption and change, as it can be both a relaxing and a desructive force. Sayuri’s growth from a young servant to one of the most sought after geshia in her district â€Å"water is a good guard against fire. Sayuri is portrayed as being a worthy protective for the equally formidable element of fire which can be associated with the beautiful but highly dangerous Hutsumomo. Both â€Å"woman of fire† and the â€Å"girl of water† illustrate the dominance and power of women in today’s society. as both characters were associated with the element of earth, emphasising the power of women in today’s society as they have gained power over time. On the other hand, in Andrea del Sarto, Browning rejects the tendency rejects the tendancy of romantics to project all their desires onto a female object . His dramatic monolouge in the poem is a variation on the theme of men processing women as objects, â€Å"You beatiful Lucrezia that are mine! † reveals the artist’s desire to assert his male dominance over her female passivity. Browning showcases the role of women during the Victorian era and the time as men only refer to them as objects as they were only desired by men for their â€Å"perfect eyes†¦ perfect mouth†¦ â€Å"over time women have become more powerful as portrayed in Memoirs of a Geshia as the society has recognised and potential of women.

Stephen J. Dubner’s novel Turbulent Souls Analysis

According to Soren Kierkergaard, a prominent existentialist, in Stephen J. Dubner's novel, Turbulent Souls, the protagonists, Stephen, Veronica, and Paul Dubner, are the quintessential â€Å"Knights of Faith†. A † Knight of Faith† is the existentially perfect man or woman who could grasp his own freedom and create his own destiny. Despite the disconnectedness of the world, the â€Å"Knight of Faith† finds the courage to unify his or her world through an act of determination. Through much searching, the â€Å"Knight of Faith† discovers that man is entrapped in absolute isolation. Prior to becoming a † Knight of Faith† he or she must take a † leap of faith† into something higher and beyond the self such as into belief in G-d. The only way authentically to take a † leap of faith† and to escape the anxiety and despair that is the quintessence of the universal human condition is to choose despair, and to sink so deep into despair that one loses all commitment of family, friends, and community. When these are all lost, with absolutely nothing left, in a complete crisis, and at the edge of the abyss, he or she will be prepared for faith in G-d, he or she will chose G-d, and make the â€Å"leap of faith† to G-d. Therefore, he or she has created a unique connection with G-d and has conquered his or her fears, and the hypocrisies and tribulations in the world. Propelled by psychological despair and existential emptiness, each of the three principal characters embarks upon a quest for spiritual enlightenment and/or emotional healing. The novel begins by discussing the childhood of Stephen's parents, Sol and Florence, and after their conversion, Paul and Veronica. Florence's basis of her conversion and her quest for spiritual bliss began even as a little girl in her parent's, Esther and Harry, small apartment in Brooklyn, New York, above Harry's candy store. Every night, when Florence's mother would come up the stairs from the candy store she would say to Florence, â€Å"Your father, he works so hard he must be made from iron. And Florence in her singsong voice, always gave the same retort: Well then, he better not go out in the rain or he'll get all rusty†(3). Florence had a special connection with her father, and it was only her mother who she ridiculed. Both Florence and her father did not appreciate how â€Å"Esther would prattle on about her brother the big fabric man, who just bought a new house, and how his wife always has new hats and how their children were smarter and healthier that their own children, how little Irving could eat a whole head of lettuce and drink a whole quart of milk at one meal†(4). In addition, † Every year Florence asked her mother to teach her the Four Questions so she could ask them at the Seder. What's the use, her mother would say. Your cousin Irving's the boy, and he's the smarter one anyway, so Irving gets to ask the questions†(7). This had a tremendous impact on her because her mother instilled in her the notion that she is not worthy, which could possibly be a reason for her conversion to Catholicism, which she felt to be more accepting. Florence and her sister Della did not get along very well, so â€Å"Florence's favorite playmate was her grandmother Sarah-Ruhkel†¦ they would giggle and cuddle like friends†¦. At night she sat on the edge of Florence's bed and told stories of Queen Esther. She taught Florence how to thank G-d for the good day and ask him for a good husband when the time came†(6). Unfortunately, â€Å"When her grandmother wasn't around she was lonely†(7). One afternoon, Florence was playing outside with another friend, they both needed to go to the bathroom but her friend lost her house key, so they waited by the stoop. Her friend said a prayer and a few minutes later a man came home and let them in. Florence thought about what happen and she â€Å"knew it wasn't magic, quite; it was certainly a different way of looking at things. She didn't mention it to anyone. Who would listen? â€Å"(8). In this moment, she sees her friend's prayer answered and concludes that it was more then luck that caused it. It was the will of G-d. One spring when Florence was sick in bed and she heard her friends playing outside, she experienced her first existential thoughts in her life. She thought, â€Å"Boy oh boy, life goes on all by itself whether I'm there or not†(8). The one thing she feared the most was death, and when her grandfather died, She wonder[ed] what had become of him. Not his corpse-that she understood-but the rest of him. Was there more of him. She wasn't sure. She could not forget the realization she'd had lying in bed that day, hearing her friends playing with out her. If things didn't change when she wasn't here, what did it matter if she was here or not? But she was here. What for then? To think of herself as merely a random collection of muscle and teeth and curls was unspeakably sad. And yet the other possibility-that there was some sort of purpose to life that she must fathom and follow-made her dizzy (20). The first time Florence introduced anti-Semitism was when † a girl named Ann Ross, with blond hair and very blue eyes, had stood up and declared: My father says that Hitler has the right idea about the Jews†(21). Again, she encountered anti-Semitism when an older boy from her neighborhood said, â€Å"What do you want little Jew? He said, and spat in her face†(22). She did not mention either incident to her parents because her father did not have the time for it and her mother already had to many worries. A few years later Florence went to ballet classes with a friend who invited her. The teacher's name was Asta Souvorina, but every one called her Madame Souvorina, and Florence felt that â€Å"there was an intensity spilling from her, and it attracted Florence like a magnet†(22). Florence became Madame Souvorina's best student and went to class everyday, and sometimes when Madame was sick she taught the class instead. Florence imitated everything that Madame did, and just like Madame was a vegetarian, she became a vegetarian. Florence also knew that Madame was Catholic, but all she ever knew about Catholicism seemed unbelievable, such as the virgin birth or the Resurrection. Madame was not interested in arguing with Florence about the eternal verities of Christendom, so she told Florence, â€Å"If you are so curious, †¦ you should read about it yourself†(25). Florence went ahead and read the Epistles, which were the letter from St. Paul, and she Was astounded to discover that a living, breathing person-a Jew, no less-had left behind such testimony. Everything she ever heard about Jesus seemed so far away, like a fairy tale. But Paul had been there. No, he hadn't actually met Jesus, but his letters, she felt had the ring of truth. After all, Paul was an educated Jew who had traveled widely. Why would he write of being struck down blind on the road to Damascus, hearing Jesus calling to him from the clouds, had it not happened that way (25). Florence never had done much thinking about God, and wondered what he looked like. She thought maybe he looked like, old Moishe, [her grandfather who past away], with a long, dusty beard; perhaps he had the face of a cloud. Or, Florence thought, perhaps the face of God was the face of Jesus, the young, loving, tortured face she had seen on the wall of Madame's bedroom†(25). By now Florence was approaching stardom, and was going dance at Radio City Music Hall, but Florence's mind still constantly swirled with distressing questions: â€Å"Why had she been born and where would she go afterward? And might Jesus have anything to do with it? (26). Her one fear, death, according to Catholicism was not something to be afraid of, but was something to look forward to, which brought her a lot of comfort. She remembers, â€Å"† as a young girl she always was bemused when her Catholic friends talked about Heaven, as if they were sure of it. But St. Paul, in his Epistles, was sure of it to: † Then we who are alive, who are left, shall be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air†Ã¢â‚¬ (26). Madame directed her to the Church of the Blessed Sacrament, where she spoke with a Catholic priest, Father Conroy, who taught her a little prayer that he promised would help. The prayer was, â€Å"Give me the grace to know Your truth and the strength to follow it†(27). Over time, her curiosity became a need, and when Madame told her she â€Å"did not need to be Catholic to taste the Sacraments of the Church, and so she did†(28). She began attending mass and even went to confession. One morning at mass she listened absorbedly to the priest's sermon, and â€Å"he cited the Gospel of John: God said, this is my beloved son in whom I am well pleased; hear him†(29). Florence took this to heart and realized the â€Å"instructions could not have been simpler, or more welcome. Florence, having exposed her heart, was now rewarded with the kiss of God upon her ear. The shadows of her soul were flooded with sunlight; a sublime peace settled over her. She understood that she had received the gift of faith, and she would be eternally grateful†(29). Finally, through much searching she found spiritual enlightenment and has become a true â€Å"Knight of Faith†. Solly Dubner grew up in an orthodox family in Brownsville, New York. His parents' names are Shepsel and Gittel. Unlike Florence, he loved his mother more then anything in the world. Also, he loved to whistle all the time. Unfortunately, â€Å"whistling was forbidden in his father's house. You might as well invite the Angel of Death. That, at least, is what his father believed†(9). Although his father kept a strict house, Solly obeyed his father because Any disobedience, however slight, made his father angry. And when is father was angry for whatever reason, he took it out on Solly's mother, Gittel, rarely shouting but unfailing choosing the half dozen words that would conjure up the bitterest tears. Solly, who loved his mother dearly, would have rather taken the strap any day. But Shepsel would never strike his children, for it is written. And if one were to ask him, Where is it written? It is written, it is written, he would say impatiently. The where is not important (10). Solly was never satisfied with his father's answers. Nat, Solly's older brother, always came home on Shabbat because he felt bad the others had to suffer Shepsel alone. Nat was particularly worried about Solly because â€Å"Shepsel seemed to have a particularly hard heart for him. Solly, was different; he wanted more out of life, and Nat knew that more was the one thing that could not be found in their father's house. As he walked home from school one Friday afternoon, † from the second floor window, a man in his undershirt shouted down to him: Hey, Solly, what the hell are you whistling for-don't you know your mother's dead†(12). His father always said whistling was forbidden and you might as well invite the angel of death; therefore, after his mother's death, Solly felt partially responsible because he always whistled. This guilt lead to the beginning of his bottomless depression. According to Jewish law, one should bury the deceased as soon as possible, but since out of town relatives would not be able to attend to the funeral, they were forced to wait until they arrived. Shepsel gathered all of his children to watch their mother's body until it was time to burial. The ice that was packed in her casket was melting; therefore, â€Å"a metal bucket was placed beneath the leaking casket. The dripping, the rising stench, the stab of his mother's death-it was all to much for Solly, and he stood up to get some fresh air, but his father pressed him back into his seat†(17). Solly had a lot of questions regarding Jewry, but sadly, † concerning their religion, there was no question Solly could ask his father for which he received an answer that was remotely satisfying†(17). He kept falling deeper and deeper into depression and â€Å"everyone who knew Solly Dubner in the late 1930's could see that a blanket of despair had befallen him. Though he was only in his early twenties, the courage of his youth had melted away and his optimism had withered†(31). In 1942, â€Å"the war at last came to America, Solly immediately enlisted in the Army. Finally he could escape his father's house†(33). It seems as if he is looking forward to the war coming to America, but since war is unpleasant, violent, and awful. After, the reader realized the reason he is jubilant is because the war is his savior from his father. After, serving in the Army for quite a while he came home for six weeks, and when he arrived home he went to the Church of the Blessed Sacrament. He met Father Conroy and asked him, â€Å"Have you ever heard of a creature like me, Father, a Jew who wants to be Catholic? As a matter of fact, Father Conroy answered, I have. He told Sol about the group of young Catholic Activists he met with every Monday night. Two of the women, he explained were Jewish converts†(42), who were Florence and her friend, who was also a ballerina. At the end of his first meeting he told his story: He felt as if he'd been walking around in the dark, and†¦ While he was station overseas, someone finally turned on the light, and that light was Jesus. She saw that there was a natural kindness about this soldier, and earnestness. He mentioned his father, a traditional Jew named Shepsel, who sounded an awful lot like Florence's grandfather Moishe. He hated what his decision would do to his father, the soldier was saying now, but there seemed no way around it-didn't Jesus say that he had come to set a man against his father? (43). He told them that he had already had been baptized as a Christian, but he was not sure which denomination of Christianity to settle on. He wanted to become a Catholic, but did not understand the role of Virgin Mary in Catholicism. He asked the group, â€Å"Since she isn't a member of the Holy Trinity, why would you worship her? Why would you pray to the Virgin Mary when you can pray directly to G-d? Florence answered, â€Å"You don't worship the Blessed Mother, you ask her to intercede†¦ This is part of the beauty of Catholicism that you have all these wonderful saints you can pray to. Who better to Petition G-d than His mother, the Queen of Heaven? â€Å"(43). This was the first answer in his life that he was satisfied with. When he went to visit Nat and his wife, Dottie, † They could see there was something different about him; it seemed as if the spark of his youth had returned, as if once again he had something at stake†(44). He was once again sent out to war. Florence soon received a letter from Sol, which he wrote, † I have been baptized and received my first communion. Needless to say, it was a most wonderful experience and I hope to strengthen my faith in Christ each single day†(47). At last, Sol has climbed out of his emotional despair, and not only has he gone through an almost complete emotional healing, but he has become spiritually enlightened through Catholicism. Stephen grew up in upstate New York on Gallupville Road, where his family was a safe distance from the true world, which is based on a materialistic and inauthentic way of life. He is the youngest of Paul and Veronica's eight children. His had no complaints about his isolated Catholic upbringing until his father died when he was ten. He only remembered a few things about his father. Such as every night at dinner he said, â€Å"You get a little food in your belly and you get rambunctious†(107), and once his father took him to a baseball game without any other siblings. After his father's death he put his yearn for spiritual enlightenment to the side for a little while. When he went to College, he and a few of the other students created a band called â€Å"The Right Profile†. When he had a little time off from school he caught a ride down to Florida with a friend, who was going down for his grandfather's birthday, to visit his mom, who moved there about the same time he began college. On the way down to Florida he met an elderly Jewish woman at the birthday party and was attracted to her. He thought to himself, â€Å"I had never felt so instantly attracted to another person. But the feeling went beyond attraction. It was as if I were a piece of her somehow, or as if within her dwelled a piece of me that I had been searching for†(161). He was attracted to her Neshama, her Jewish soul, and as a result of this attraction he began to question his ways of life and search for the truth. One day while fixing up a song that he was going to record the next day, â€Å"[his] hand without any instruction [he] was aware of, printed on the page: What do I want? â€Å"(166). He knew he did not want to continue this life of being a rock star, and on the other hand he said to himself, † The band is all I [have]; the band is all I [am]†(167). His life contained no depth to it, and he needed to find his meaning of life. He did not know at the time, that he was the same age as his mother when she quit ballet. AS he later learned, they both had removed themselves from one pursuit they cared about; they both felt, momentarily at least, that their lives were over. They had both asked themselves an unanswerable question and, hearing nothing but a still, small voice from within, a feathery voice of encouragement, had taken the leap. She leaped into the arms of Jesus, and he wound up leaping into the arms of Abigail Seymour. He could hardly have known that Abigail would lead him into a reckoning with his Jewish blood. Abigail studied to become an actress with a Jewish man named Ivan Kronenfeld, who she introduced to Stephen. He was an inspiration to Stephen life Madame Souvorina had been to his mother. He gave a lot of things for Stephen to ponder like when he told him, â€Å"you'd have been plenty Jewish for Hitler. You've got the map of Poland written all over your face. You could have worn a crucifix down to your knees, and they still would have thrown you in the ovens†(174). Also he informed Stephen that according to Jewish law he was still Jewish because his mother was Jewish. He attended Synagogue one Saturday with Ivan and when he saw all of the Jews kiss the Torah as if it contained everything that they would ever need and everything that could ever be known. And on that day hope rested on his soul. He did not know anything about his father and mother, or why they had converted, and what it meant to him. This unawareness Was beginning to gnaw at [him]. Spending time with Ivan had awakened in [him] the idea of a father. It wasn't that [he] wanted him as a father. [He] had his own;[he] just didn't know him yet. But Ivan had awakened something else in [him]† an appetite for the Jewish wisdom he dispensed. It was kaleidoscopic, baffling, thrilling; it spoke to [him] as nothing ever had. Did it speak to [him], though, on its own merit? Or because [his] long-lost father had been nourished on the same wisdom? Or perhaps it was because curling around somewhere inside [him] was a Jewish neshama, a Jewish soul? †¦ The time had come to find [his] own [family] (183). So he followed the noise inside his soul, he searched for his parent's roots. He became consumed with the desire to know how his mother and father decided to become Catholic. He wanted to know why they stopped being Jews. He met a few of his long lost relatives from his father's side, and began to reveal his father as a Jew. He broke up with Abigail because her Jewish quest was over, and also he was more focused on writing anyway. He went to Poland to the shtetl his family lived in to understand more about his family but he still was not satisfied. While his search for his parent's past continues he continues studying Judaism fervently. Stephen's leap of faith and spiritual enlightenment is not as immediate as his parents, but through much pain and toiling he has discover himself and has untangled his family's roots. According to Rabbi Eric Bram, Turbulent Souls is not only the story of a son's individuation and journey; it is also the story of American Jewishness in the twentieth century. The connection between the country of American and its Jews has transformed significantly in the past century, Turbulent Souls is a proof of that transformation, as observed through the generations of Stephen Dubner's family. Jewishness has been both a basis of triumphant pride and of bottomless shame, and something to flee from as well as to embrace. Along side Stephen Dubner, Jews today walk the tightrope of the American- Jewish.

Sometimes Death Comes Knocking, Sometimes it Tears Down the Walls Professor Ramos Blog

Sometimes Death Comes Knocking, Sometimes it Tears Down the Walls Lance Barnett English 102 8/9/18 Sometimes Death Comes Knocking, Sometimes it Tears Down the Walls The term â€Å"Zombie† is derived from nzambi, the Kongo word for the spirit of the dead. Zombies have become supremely popular in media and entertainment in recent years. A multitude of movies, books, comics, and video games are based around zombies and the zombie apocalypse. Shows such as The Walking Dead and I Zombie have become incredibly popular and even unrelated series have begun to incorporate zombies in one way or another. Almost every franchise imaginable has some kind of zombie or undead in it now. From Super Mario and Call of Duty to Star Wars and Marvel Comics, the undead craze is sweeping the nation. The idea of the dead returning to torment the living is no new invention however, so the question is why has it gained so much traction in media and pop culture recently? What caused this generation to become so infatuated with the living dead? For the most part, mythical monsters are based around exactly that, myths, but zombies are a little different. Monsters such as vampires, werewolves, or Frankenstein’s monster are creations that represent mankind’s fears, uncouth desires, or shortcomings in the eras in which their story is being told. Zombies fall into that category as well but, in addition to that, they have origins that are rooted in real events as well as myths that date all the way back to prehistory. One of the, if not the, largest contributors to the creation of zombie lore were the Haitians. In Haiti, which is primarily a voodoo nation, it was common for someone known as a Bokor to create and employ Zombie slaves. Now, of course, these zombies are not truly undead in the sense that they are not actually soulless, walking corpses, but for generations their appearance, demeanor, and the method of their creation led the majority to believe that they were indeed the dead risen. In Haiti, if you just so happened to know of a nearby bokor, you could hire them to zombify someone. Say your spouse is caught cheating, your child has grown into a dishonorable adult, or that conniving M’baku down the street stole another one of your chickens. If you wanted to, you could hire a bokor to turn said transgressor into a shuffling, mindless, entity. Bokors are alchemists who create various concoctions using ingredients such as bones, shells, herbs, and animal parts. The zombies that they create are actually living people who have been introduced to a potent zombie mixture called â €Å"coup padre† that dulls their minds and make them susceptible to the influence of their master. Though the full recipe for the concoction is unknown, it is common belief that tetrodoxin, an incredibly dangerous neurotoxin found in the fou fou, also known as the porcupine fish, is used very carefully in the mixture. Small doses of tetrodoxin often cause confusion, loss of balance, and difficulty breathing. These symptoms are why we commonly see zombies in our fiction aimlessly wandering with blank stares, shambling, and moaning/ huffing. Often times, if a bokor is coming for someone, they will find a way to get them to ingest a concoction that renders them in a near death state that is indistinguishable from death itself without modern medical equipment. The victim’s heartrate will drop dramatically, the skin becomes pale and clammy, and their pulse becomes unnoticeable. After their burial, the bokor will visit the grave, dig up their new slave and give them the coup padre. The victim then awakens as a dull and mindless drone. The people of Haiti were unaware of exactly how a bokor went about creating zombies. All they knew was that someone in their community was pronounced dead, was buried, and is now rumored to have been seen meandering around. Thus the idea of the mindless, shambling, zombie was born. Zombies became known in the United States when stories of the zombie slaves of Haiti made their way over and left the populace shocked and horrified by the dark rituals of these voodoo shamans. These tales led to the creation of the 1932 movie White Zombie, which is the first feature length zombie film ever made. In the movie, the female protagonist is stalked and transformed into a zombie by an evil voodoo priest played by the famous horror actor Bela Lugosi, best known for his influential role as Dracula in the 1931 film. The true rise of zombies into popularity, however, didn’t come until the 1968 film Night of the Living Dead, directed by George Romero. Two more zombie films were directed by Romero over the next 15 years and, shortly after the start of the 80s, the subject of zombies really started to pick up. The early examples of zombies in media often portrayed them as the result of supernatural practices such as witchcraft, voodoo, or demonic rituals. This came as a result of historic accounts and myths about undead. Regardless of the vast differences between them, stories about zombies throughout history have been rooted in the supernatural. The fear of the dead rising from their graves has been prevalent among mankind for as long as we can remember. Stone Age remains appear to have been originally buried intact, but eventually they began to bury their remains with their skulls smashed or removed and buried in a separate grave farther away. Some believe that this was done to ensure that the dead would not return to life. Zombies aren’t specifically mentioned in the Bible, but there are references of the dead coming back to life here as well. Ezekiel finds himself in a boneyard and prophesies to the bones. The bones shake and become covered in flesh, yet â€Å"there was no brea th in them.† Isaiah 26:19 states, â€Å"Thy dead men shall live, together with my dead body shall they arise. Awake and sing, ye that dwell in dust: for thy dew is as the dew of herbs, and the earth shall cast out the dead.† The Greeks believed that certain people were more likely to return from the dead than others. Those who committed suicide, were murdered, cursed, or died from other traumatic experiences such as the plague or drowning were thought to likely return as undead and prey on the living. Some believe that the Mayans suffered a kind of zombie apocalypse towards the end of their civilization. Human bones found within the ruins of many Mayan cities exhibit human tooth marks and appear to have been forcefully ripped apart and evidence is thought to have been found of children eating their parents as well. From the state that the cities were left in, it has been surmised that they slaughtered and ate themselves within a few days’ time. In addition to bei ng exclusively supernatural, many ancient incarnations of the undead display special abilities, powers, or quirks. In Norse mythology, Draugr are living corpses who wander their crypts. They are described as bloated with black skin and are known to possess some supernatural abilities such as shapeshifting, entering the dreams of the living, and driving people insane. Draugr slaughter and consume the living just like modern zombies but, unlike most modern zombies, draugr have also been known to utilize tools such a heavy stones or swords to kill. Jiang Shi, the Chinese version of the zombie, literally means â€Å"stiff corpse†. These zombies are very strange in that their mode of locomotion is hopping around. In Romania, the Strigoi is a zombie of someone who has died with regrets or troubles. Dying without being baptized or before marriage are other ways that someone could end up coming back as a strigoi. Some post mortem marriage ceremonies are performed for the newly deceas ed as a way to try to keep them from becoming a strigoi. Like the draugr, strigoi exhibit some supernatural abilities or traits that weren’t commonly found among modern zombies until recently including primarily only drinking blood and the ability to transform into animals. These traits almost make them seem more like vampires than zombies, however the fact that your corpse can become one without having been bit by one separates the two in a way. In video games especially, the need to keep things fresh, new, and interesting, has led to the creation of many new types of zombies with strange abilities similar to some of the zombies from history. There are zombies that spit acid, have frog-like tongues, explode, and some that can use certain kinds of weaponry. Media based on cultural mythology also use specific examples of ancient undead to spice things up. The Witcher novels, which follow the adventures of a monster slayer in a fantasy world of Polish mythology, feature the str iga, the Polish version of the strigoi and Draugr make an appearance in The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim. Cohen’s Monster Culture mentions that one important characteristic that monsters have is the ability to shift and reflect the relevant fears and apprehensions of the era that tells their stories. Like vampires evolving from the hideous Nosferatu into the succubus/ incubus-like vampires of today, zombies have also changed. As stated before, historical accounts, myths, and early media representations of undead portray them as supernatural creations. As the fear of witches, demons, and other foul spirits became less prevalent, the reasoning behind zombies shifted from being mainly supernatural to being scientific. Science and medicine have progressed incredibly far in the last few decades and some scientific advances have come under scrutiny as to whether or not they are moral or safe. Scientifically created abominations and diseases have become popular â€Å"monsters† of sorts and zombie lore happened to have very little trouble adopting this idea. The majority of modern zombie fiction revolves around an outbreak of a virus or disease of some kind that transforms people into flesh eating zombies. More often than not, the antagonists of these stories are scientific enterprises who attempt to create bioweapons but then lose control of said bioweapons which causes the initial outbreak. The real life fear of â€Å"Big Science† plays into zombie fiction in a crucial way. As zombies strayed further away from their Haitian roots and as special effects became more and more impressive, depictions of zombies became more and more grotesque in an attempt to keep the shock factor of the audience intact. Another niche that zombies have had little trouble fitting into is the apocalypse genre. The apocalypse genre has been touched upon in history in tales such as Gilgamesh or Ragnarok, but as the new millennium drew near and prophesies from the Mayans and Nostradamus seemed to be coming to fruition, the fear of the end of the world became more and more prevalent. More often than not, zombie centric fiction deals with the spread of the undead bringing total societal collapse. Very rarely are outbreaks contained in small areas. Zombies in modern media have adapted and changed in order to fit into many separate genres from apocalypse to sci-fi to fantasy. This ability to morph and adapt and even bring back traits from history to stay interesting and relevant suggests that zombies still have quite the lifespan left even though they can be considered one of the oldest known monsters. As new genres and forms of media gain popularity, be sure to keep an eye on your dead. They never quite seem to stay where you put them. Zombie Annotated Bibliography Zombies, H. (2018). Zombies: Facts and Voodoo Origins | HISTORY.com. [online] HISTORY.com. Available at: https://www.history.com/topics/history-of-zombies [Accessed 1 Aug. 2018]. This article discusses the origins of Zombies and how the subject of the undead apocalypse has become extremely popular in pop culture. Great Discoveries in Archaeology. (2018). History of Zombies. [online] Available at: http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp264-ss13/2013/04/25/history-of-zombies/ [Accessed 1 Aug. 2018]. This student post goes into some more detail about the original Haitian zombie slaves that helped inspire the legends of the undead. Lin, K. (2018). History of Zombies from Ancient Times to Pop Culture. [online] Historic Mysteries. Available at: https://www.historicmysteries.com/history-of-zombies/ [Accessed 1 Aug. 2018]. This article discusses zombies in history that date back even further than the Haitian zombie slaves. Tales and rituals meant to keep the dead at rest from even the stone age and ancient Greece. Mariani, M. (2018). The Tragic, Forgotten History of Zombies. [online] The Atlantic. Available at: https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2015/10/how-america-erased-the-tragic-history-of-the-zombie/412264/ [Accessed 1 Aug. 2018]. This is another article that explains how the true tragedy of zombie slaves became lost to us as we began to incorporate the subject of zombies into entertainment. Swanser, B. (2018). The Mysterious Real Zombies of Haiti | Mysterious Universe. [online] Mysterious Universe. Available at: https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2014/08/the-mysterious-real-zombies-of-haiti/ [Accessed 1 Aug. 2018]. This article goes the furthest in depth about the process of Haitian zombification and a bit more into their culture.

Animal Abuse Facts and Information

Animal Abuse Facts and Information Within the animal protection movement, the term animal abuse is used to describe any use or treatment of animals that seems unnecessarily cruel, regardless of whether the act is against the law. The term animal cruelty is sometimes used interchangeably with animal abuse, but animal cruelty is also a legal term that describes acts of animal abuse that are against the law. The state laws that protect animals from abuse are referred to as animal cruelty statutes. Abuse Standards for Farm Animals The term animal abuse can also describe violent or neglectful actions against pets or wildlife. In cases of wildlife or pets, these animals are more likely to be protected or are better protected than farmed animals under the law. If cats, dogs or wild animals were treated the same as cows, pigs, and chickens in factory farms, the people involved would likely be convicted of animal cruelty. Animal advocates consider factory farming practices like debeaking, the use of veal crates or tail docking to be animal abuse, but these practices are legal almost everywhere. While many people would call these practices cruel, they do not constitute animal cruelty under the law in most jurisdictions but fit the term animal abuse in many peoples minds. Animal rights activists oppose not only animal abuse and animal cruelty, but any use of animals. For animal rights activists, the issue is not about abuse or cruelty; its about domination and oppression, no matter how well the animals are treated, no matter how big the cages are, and no matter how much anesthesia they are given before painful procedures. Laws Against Animal Cruelty The legal definition of animal cruelty  varies from state to state, as do the penalties and punishments. Most states have exemptions for wildlife, animals in laboratories, and common agricultural practices, such as debeaking or castration. Some states exempt rodeos, zoos, circuses and pest control. Others may have separate laws banning practices like cockfighting, dogfighting, or horse slaughter. If someone is found guilty of animal cruelty, most states provide for the seizure of the animals and reimbursement for expenses for the animals care. Some allow counseling or community service as part of the sentencing, and about half have felony penalties. Federal Tracking of Animal Cruelty Although there are no federal statutes against animal abuse or animal cruelty, the FBI tracks and collects information about acts of animal cruelty from participating law enforcement agencies across the country. These can include neglect, torture, organized abuse and even sexual abuse of animals. The FBI used to include acts of animal cruelty into an all other offenses category, which did not give much insight into the nature and frequency of such acts.   The FBIs motivation for tracking acts of animal cruelty stems from the belief that many who practice such behavior may also be abusing children or other people. Many high-profile serial killers began their violent acts by harming or killing animals, according to law enforcement.

Cloud Computing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Cloud Computing - Research Paper Example Cloud computing services address these issues and provide a source for using computing resources without purchasing them. The computing resources can be attained dynamically as per the needs of the company. The computing resources can be released when the need for greater IT infrastructure ceases to exist, therefore the resources do not have to be actually bought. Cloud computing environments offer almost unlimited levels of scalability and mobility. The attainment and release of the resources are convenient and fast processes. Computing resources consist of a diverse range of virtual devices and applications, like virtual servers, data storage, operating systems, software applications and virtual platforms. Along with the major success and acceptance of the concept of cloud computing, a significant portion of users feel threatened in trusting the service providers with their intellectual assets. Therefore, the prevailing security and privacy issues related to cloud computing have be en discussed in the paper, along with its advantages as compared to the traditional form of computing and data centers. The paper also includes few recommendations for improving the protection of the intellectual assets of the users. Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Cloud Computing 1 3. Success of Cloud Computing 5 4. Comparison of Traditional Computing and Cloud Computing Data Centers 7 4.1 Advantages of Cloud Computing 8 4.1.1 Level of Scalability 8 4.1.2 Level of Mobility 8 4.1.3 Level of Maintenance and Updates 10 4.1.4 Disaster Recovery 11 4.2 Disadvantages of Cloud Computing 11 4.2.1 Level of Control and Privacy 11 5. Factors to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Data Centers 13 6. Physical Aspects of Cloud Computing Data Centers 13 6.1 Issues with Traditional Data Centers 13 6.2 Innovative Solutions in Cloud Computing Data Centers 14 7. Challenges in Cloud Computing Systems 17 8. Recommendations 18 9. Conclusions 19 Bibliography 22 Table of Figures 1 Figure 1: Different fact ors related to Cloud Computing Systems 4 2 Figure 2: Comparison between traditional data center and cloud computing data center 7 3 Figure 3: PUE of Microsoft from the year 2004 to 2007 16 Table of Tables 1 Table 1: Top 10 Technologies of the year 2011 6 1. Introduction Computer technology has seen remarkable development and continuous improvement ever since it has been invented. The mode of life has been changed by the respective invention. Every field and industry has been revolutionized by the integration of computers. The field of education has been improved by the advent of e-learning management systems, whereas the field of medicine has witnessed greater accuracy and reliability due to the usage of more efficient medical equipments. In the same manner, the field of business has been given a more formalized structure due to the incorporation of enterprise data centers and information management systems. Enterprise data centers supported the needs of organizations for many years . A change was felt necessary when the needs of the customers began increasing at an exponential rate. The advent of internet has broken geographical barriers, due to which the whole world is considered to be a single platform. Consumer has access to global products and services, which makes it vital for companies to provide commendable and uninterrupted services to their clients. The increasing competition in the markets has urged the companies to adopt innovative ways to meet the increasing needs of the cust